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The Science & Evidence Behind Every Gummy

We don't hide behind proprietary blends or vague claims. Every ingredient in every NOURI formula is chosen based on published research, dosed at levels that actually do something, and sourced from the highest-grade suppliers in the world. Here's the evidence.

Our Formulation Principles

Most kids' vitamins use cheap ingredient forms at token doses so they can print a long list on the label. We take the opposite approach: fewer, better ingredients at doses the research actually supports.

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Evidence-Based Doses
Every dose is based on published pediatric research, not minimum label claims
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Bioavailable Forms
We use the forms your child's body can actually absorb — methylated, chelated, active
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Premium Sourcing
Australia + Europe + USA. Zero ingredients from China. Branded, traceable ingredients
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Immune Health
Featured in: Super Immunity · Mega Multi

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

80–120 mg per serve (depending on product)
Vitamin C enhances immune cell function, supports the production and activity of white blood cells, and acts as a powerful antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative damage. It is essential for children because they cannot synthesise it — it must come from diet or supplementation. Research shows that while vitamin C may not prevent colds, it significantly reduces their duration in children, with particular benefit in children under 6.
Form: Ascorbic Acid (Quali-C®) · Manufactured in Dalry, Scotland — the only Western-produced vitamin C in the world
🇬🇧 Scotland
Published Research
Vorilhon P, et al. (2019). Efficacy of vitamin C for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection: A meta-analysis in children. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 75(3), 303–311.
Hemilä H, Chalker E. (2013). Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1), CD000980.
Maggini S, Wenzlaff S, Hornig D. (2010). Essential role of vitamin C and zinc in child immunity and health. Journal of International Medical Research, 38(2), 386–414.
Carr AC, Maggini S. (2017). Vitamin C and immune function. Nutrients, 9(11), 1211.

Zinc (Zinc Citrate)

4–8 mg per serve
Zinc is essential for the development and function of immune cells, including neutrophils and natural killer cells. It plays a critical role in cell division and growth — particularly important for rapidly growing children. Zinc deficiency is common in Australian children and impairs immune response, wound healing, and growth. We use zinc citrate rather than zinc oxide because citrate is significantly better absorbed.
Form: Zinc Citrate · Dr. Paul Lohmann (Germany) — pharmaceutical grade, highly bioavailable citrate form
🇪🇺 Germany
Published Research
Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH. (2006). Immune-enhancing role of vitamin C and zinc and effect on clinical conditions. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 50(2), 85–94.
Haase H, Rink L. (2009). Functional significance of zinc-related signaling pathways in immune cells. Annual Review of Nutrition, 29, 133–152.
Salgueiro MJ, et al. (2000). Zinc status and immune system relationship: A review. Biological Trace Element Research, 76(3), 193–205.

Elderberry Extract (Sambucus nigra)

150 mg per serve (standardised to anthocyanins)
Elderberry has been used for centuries in traditional Western herbal medicine to relieve symptoms of the common cold. Modern research supports this traditional use, with studies showing elderberry extract can reduce both the duration and severity of cold and flu symptoms. The anthocyanins in elderberry have demonstrated antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. We source ours from Australian-grown elderberry farms.
Form: Sambucus nigra fruit extract, standardised to min 14% anthocyanins · Australian grown
🇦🇺 Australia
Published Research
Hawkins J, et al. (2019). Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 42, 361–365.
Tiralongo E, Wee SS, Lea RA. (2016). Elderberry supplementation reduces cold duration and symptoms in air-travellers: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutrients, 8(4), 182.

Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol from Lichen)

15 µg (600 IU) per serve
Vitamin D3 is critical for immune regulation, activating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Despite Australia's sunshine, studies consistently show that a significant proportion of Australian children have insufficient vitamin D levels — particularly during winter and in southern states. D3 is the body's preferred form, and ours is vegan, derived from lichen rather than the conventional lanolin (sheep's wool) source.
Form: Cholecalciferol from Lichen (Vitashine®) · Vegetology, Devon UK — the world's only commercial vegan D3 from lichen
🇬🇧 UK
Published Research
Holick MF. (2007). Vitamin D deficiency. New England Journal of Medicine, 357(3), 266–281.
Gordon CM, et al. (2008). Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy infants and toddlers. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 162(6), 505–512.
Martineau AR, et al. (2017). Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 356, i6583.
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Iron & Cognitive Development
Featured in: Mega Multi

Iron (Ferrous Bisglycinate Chelate — Ferrochel®)

5 mg per serve
Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies in childhood worldwide, and is directly linked to impaired cognitive development, reduced attention span, behavioural changes, and compromised immune function. These effects can persist even after iron levels are corrected. Most kids' gummy vitamins contain zero iron because it's difficult to formulate — it tastes metallic and can stain teeth. We use ferrous bisglycinate chelate (Ferrochel®), which in clinical trials demonstrated 90.9% bioavailability versus just 26.7% for standard ferrous sulfate. It doesn't cause the constipation, metallic taste, or tooth staining associated with conventional iron supplements.
Form: Ferrous Bisglycinate Chelate (Ferrochel®) · Balchem/Albion Minerals, Utah USA — patented amino acid chelate, 3.4× more bioavailable than ferrous sulfate
🇺🇸 USA
Published Research
Pineda O, Ashmead HD. (2001). Effectiveness of treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in infants and young children with ferrous bis-glycinate chelate. Nutrition, 17(5), 381–384. — Demonstrated 90.9% bioavailability for bisglycinate vs 26.7% for ferrous sulfate in infants.
Name JJ, et al. (2018). Iron bisglycinate chelate and polymaltose iron for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia: A pilot randomized trial. Current Pediatric Reviews, 14(4), 261–268.
Jáuregui-Lobera I. (2014). Iron deficiency and cognitive functions. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 10, 2087–2095.
Carter RC, et al. (2010). Iron deficiency anemia and cognitive function in infancy. Pediatrics, 126(2), e427–e434.
Algarín C, et al. (2023). Effects of iron supplementation on cognitive development in school-age children: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 18(6), e0287703.
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Bone Health & Development
Featured in: Strong Bones · Mega Multi

Calcium (Aquamin® Algae Calcium)

200 mg per serve
Calcium is the primary structural mineral in bones and teeth. Children build ~40% of their total bone mass during childhood and adolescence, making adequate calcium intake during these years critical for lifelong bone health. We use Aquamin®, a plant-based calcium derived from mineralised red algae harvested sustainably off the coast of Iceland. Unlike limestone-derived calcium carbonate, Aquamin® contains calcium plus magnesium and 72 trace minerals that work synergistically to support bone mineralisation.
Form: Aquamin® (Lithothamnion sp. red marine algae) · Marigot Ltd, Cork Ireland — sustainably harvested from pristine Icelandic waters
🇪🇺 Ireland/Iceland
Published Research
Aslam MN, et al. (2010). A mineral-rich red algae extract inhibits polyp number and growth in the ApcMin/+ mouse model. Nutrition and Cancer, 62(8), 1117–1126.
O'Gorman DM, et al. (2012). The marine-derived, multi-mineral formula Aquamin® enhances mineralisation of osteoblast cells in vitro. Phytotherapy Research, 26(3), 375–380.

Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone-7, MK-7)

30–45 µg per serve
Most kids' vitamins use vitamin K1 (phylloquinone). We use K2 as MK-7 because it has a significantly longer half-life in the body (72 hours vs 1–2 hours for K1) and, critically, it activates osteocalcin — the protein that directs calcium into bone matrix rather than into soft tissues and arteries. This is why K2 is the superior form for bone health: it doesn't just help with blood clotting (which K1 does), it actively builds stronger bones.
Form: Menaquinone-7 (K2VITAL®) · Kappa Bioscience, Oslo Norway — fermentation-derived from Bacillus subtilis natto
🇪🇺 Norway
Published Research
Knapen MH, et al. (2013). Three-year low-dose menaquinone-7 supplementation helps decrease bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis International, 24(9), 2499–2507.
Schurgers LJ, et al. (2007). Vitamin K-containing dietary supplements: comparison of synthetic vitamin K1 and natto-derived menaquinone-7. Blood, 109(8), 3279–3283.
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Brain Health & Cognitive Function
Featured in: Omega-3 + DHA · Mega Multi

DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid from Algal Oil)

100 mg DHA + 30 mg EPA per serve
DHA makes up ~40% of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brain and ~60% in the retina. It is essential for brain development, cognitive function, and visual acuity in children. Because the body cannot efficiently synthesise DHA from plant-based ALA (conversion rate is only 1–5%), direct supplementation is important — especially for children on plant-based or limited-fish diets. We use algal oil because it's the original source of DHA (fish get their DHA from eating algae), with zero mercury risk and no environmental concerns from ocean harvesting.
Form: Algal Oil from Schizochytrium sp. (life'sDHA®) · DSM-Firmenich, Netherlands — vegan, sustainable microalgae fermentation
🇪🇺 Netherlands
Published Research
Kuratko CN, et al. (2013). The relationship of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with learning and behavior in healthy children: A review. Nutrients, 5(7), 2777–2810.
Ryan AS, Nelson EB. (2008). Assessing the effect of docosahexaenoic acid on cognitive functions in healthy, preschool children: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Clinical Pediatrics, 47(4), 355–362.
Stonehouse W. (2014). Does consumption of LC omega-3 PUFA enhance cognitive performance in healthy school-aged children and throughout adulthood? Evidence from clinical trials. Nutrients, 6(7), 2730–2758.

Methylated B-Vitamins (B9 as 5-MTHF, B12 as Methylcobalamin)

200 µg DFE folate + 2.4 µg B12 per serve
We use the active, methylated forms of folate and B12 rather than the cheaper synthetic versions (folic acid and cyanocobalamin). This matters because approximately 10–15% of the population carries the MTHFR gene polymorphism, which impairs the conversion of synthetic folic acid to its active form. Methylfolate (5-MTHF) bypasses this entirely, ensuring every child gets usable folate for DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, and neurodevelopment. Similarly, methylcobalamin is the biologically active form of B12, directly usable by the nervous system.
Form: Calcium L-Methylfolate (Quatrefolic®) + Methylcobalamin (MecobalActive®) · Gnosis by Lesaffre, Italy (folate) · BASF, Germany (B12)
🇪🇺 Italy🇪🇺 Germany
Published Research
Scaglione F, Panzavolta G. (2014). Folate, folic acid and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate are not the same thing. Xenobiotica, 44(5), 480–488.
Obeid R, et al. (2015). Is 5-methyltetrahydrofolate an alternative to folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects? Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 41(5), 469–483.
Paul C, Brady DM. (2017). Comparative bioavailability and utilization of particular forms of B12 supplements with potential to mitigate B12-related genetic polymorphisms. Integrative Medicine, 16(1), 42–49.
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Sleep & Calm
Featured in: Sweet Dreams

L-Theanine (Suntheanine®)

50 mg per serve
L-Theanine is an amino acid naturally found in green tea that promotes calm focus without sedation. It works by increasing alpha brain wave activity — the brain state associated with relaxation and attention. Research in children has shown that L-Theanine supplementation improves sleep quality, reduces restlessness, and supports calm behaviour. We use Suntheanine®, the gold standard produced via enzymatic fermentation (not extraction), ensuring pure L-isomer only.
Form: L-Theanine (Suntheanine®) · Taiyo International — enzymatic fermentation, pure L-isomer, clinically studied in children
🇺🇸 USA/Japan
Published Research
Lyon MR, et al. (2011). The effects of L-theanine on objective sleep quality in boys diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Alternative Medicine Review, 16(4), 348–354.
Hidese S, et al. (2019). Effects of L-theanine administration on stress-related symptoms and cognitive functions in healthy adults: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrients, 11(10), 2362.

Magnesium (Bisglycinate) + Chamomile + Passionflower

100 mg Mg + 100 mg Chamomile + 50 mg Passionflower
Magnesium glycinate is the most calming form of magnesium — it supports muscle relaxation, nervous system calm, and healthy sleep onset without the GI upset associated with magnesium oxide or citrate. We combine it with chamomile (standardised to apigenin) and passionflower (standardised to vitexin), both TGA-recognised botanicals traditionally used in Western herbal medicine to reduce restless sleep and promote calm. Together, they support the body's natural wind-down process without using melatonin directly.
Form: Magnesium Bisglycinate (TRAACS®) + Matricaria chamomilla + Passiflora incarnata
🇺🇸 USA (Mg)🇦🇺 AU (Chamomile)🇦🇺 AU (Passionflower)
Published Research
Abbasi B, et al. (2012). The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 17(12), 1161–1169.
Ngan A, Conduit R. (2011). A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata on subjective sleep quality. Phytotherapy Research, 25(8), 1153–1159.
Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. (2010). Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Molecular Medicine Reports, 3(6), 895–901.
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Gut Health & Digestion
Featured in: Happy Tummy

Bacillus coagulans (Spore-Forming Probiotic)

1 Billion CFU per serve
Most probiotic gummies on the market contain dead bacteria. Standard Lactobacillus strains cannot survive the heat of gummy manufacturing (~70°C) or the acidity of stomach acid. Bacillus coagulans is fundamentally different — it forms protective spores that survive manufacturing, shelf storage, and stomach transit, then activate in the intestine where they're needed. Clinical research in children shows benefits for digestive comfort, immune support, and healthy stool patterns.
Form: Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 (LactoSpore®) · Licensed from Sabinsa, manufactured in Australia at TGA-compliant facility
🇦🇺 AU manufactured
Published Research
Maity C, et al. (2019). A prospective, interventional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Bacillus coagulans LBSC (DSM 17654) in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. Journal of Probiotics & Health, 7(1).
Sudha MR, et al. (2018). Efficacy of Bacillus coagulans unique IS2 in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children: A double blind, randomised placebo controlled study. Beneficial Microbes, 9(4), 563–572.

Prebiotic Fibre (Chicory Root Inulin/FOS) + Ginger Extract

1 g Inulin + 30 mg Ginger per serve
Prebiotics feed the beneficial bacteria already living in your child's gut. Inulin (fructo-oligosaccharides from chicory root) is the most well-studied prebiotic fibre, shown to selectively promote the growth of Bifidobacteria in the colon. We pair it with ginger root extract — a TGA-recognised botanical traditionally used in Western herbal medicine to relieve digestive discomfort, nausea, and bloating. Our ginger is Australian-grown from Buderim, Queensland.
Form: Orafti® Chicory Root Inulin + Zingiber officinale extract (std. 5% gingerols)
🇪🇺 Belgium (Inulin)🇦🇺 QLD (Ginger)
Published Research
Closa-Monasterolo R, et al. (2017). The effect of postbiotics on the microbiota modulation, composition and function in infant formula. Beneficial Microbes, 8(5), 679–690.
Nikkhah Bodagh M, Maleki I, Hekmatdoost A. (2019). Ginger in gastrointestinal disorders: A systematic review of clinical trials. Food Science & Nutrition, 7(1), 96–108.

Every ingredient. Every dose. Every reason.

We built NOURI for parents who read labels. If you have questions about any ingredient or study referenced here, we're happy to talk — just email us.

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